Abraham, T. (2009). Risk and outbreak communication: lessons from alternative paradigms. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 87(8), 604-607. doi.org/10.2471/blt.08.058149
Akbaba, M. (2020). Determining the effect of tourist fatigue on tourists’ intention to purchase, recommend and pay more within the scope of COVID-19 outbreak. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 6(2), 225-240
Aktaş, S.G. (2020). COVID-19 from global health to health tourism. Turkish Geographical Review, 76, 107-114. doi.org/10.17211/tcd.816615
Arbel, A., & Bargur, J. (1980). A planning model for crisis management in the tourism sector. European Journal of Operational Research, 5(2), 77-85
Awad-Núñez, S., Julio, R., Gomez, J., Moya-Gómez, B., & González, J.S. (2021). Post-COVID-19 travel behaviour patterns: impact on the willingness to pay of users of public transport and shared mobility services in Spain. European Transport Research Review, 13, 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-021-00476-4
Boshoff, C. (1997). An experimental study of service recovery options. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 8(2), 110-130. doi:10.1108/09564239710166245
Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı [Handbook of data analysis for the social sciences]. Pegem Akademi
Caber, M., González-Rodríguez, M.R., Albayrak, T., & Simonetti, B. (2020). Does perceived risk really matter in travel behaviour? Journal of Vacation Marketing, 26(3), 334-353. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766720927762
Cahyanto, I., Wiblishauser, M., Pennington-Gray, L., & Schroeder, A. (2016). The dynamics of travel avoidance: The case of Ebola in the U.S. Tourism Management Perspectives, 20, 195-203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2016.09.004
Can, A. (2014). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde nicel veri analizi [Quantitative data analysis in the scientific research process with SPSS]. Pegem Akademi
Can, M., Koçhan, B., Çetin, D. N., & Duran, E. (2020). Attitudes of local people towards tourists as part of the coronavirus pandemic: The case of Çanakkale. Journal of Humanities and Tourism Research, 5, 90-98. doi.org/10.14230/johut919
Chen, C., Feng, T., & Gu, X. (2022). Role of latent factors and public policies in travel decisions under COVID-19 pandemic: Findings of a hybrid choice model. Sustainable Cities and Society, 78, 103601
Cró, S., & Martins, A.M. (2017). Structural breaks in international tourism demand: Are they caused by crises or disasters? Tourism Management, 63, 3-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.05.009
Deloitte (2021). Deloitte global 2021 millennial and gen Z survey. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/global/Documents/2021-deloitte-global-millennial-survey-report.pdf
Demir, M., Günaydın, Y., & Demir, Ş.Ş. (2020). The evaluation of the antecedents, effects, and consequences of Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic on tourism in Turkey. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 6(1), 80-107
Dilber, A., & Dilber, F. (2020). The effect of coronavirus (COVID-19) disease on the nutritional habits of individuals: The case of Karaman province. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(3), 2144-2162. doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2020.653
Engle, R., Ferstenberg, R., & Russell, J. (2012). Measuring and modeling execution cost and risk. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 38(2), 14-28
Eşitti, B., & Özdemir, C. (2020). Considering the safe tourism certification program in terms of crisis management and sustainability. Journal of Humanities and Tourism Research, 5, 76-89. doi.org/10.14230/johut920
Fotiadis, A., Polyzos, S., & Huan, T.-C.T.C. (2021). The good, the bad and the ugly on COVID-19 tourism recovery. Annals of Tourism Research, 87, 103117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103117
Fuchs, G., & Reichel, A. (2006). Tourist destination risk perception: The case of Israel. Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 14(2), 83-108. doi.org/10.1300/J150v14n02_06
Fuchs, G., & Reichel, A. (2011). An exploratory inquiry into destination risk perceptions and risk reduction strategies of first time vs. repeat visitors to a highly volatile destination. Tourism Management, 32(2), 266-276. doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.01.012
Gibson, H., & Yiannakis, A. (2002). Tourist roles: needs and the lifecourse. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(2), 358-383
González-Rodríguez, M.R., Díaz-Fernández, M.C., & Font, X. (2020). Factors influencing willingness of customers of environmentally friendly hotels to pay a price premium. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(1), 60-80. doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-02-2019-0147
Gursoy, D., & Chi, C.G. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on hospitality industry: review of the current situations and a research agenda. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(5), 527-529. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2020.1788231
Haddock, C. (1993). Managing Risks in Outdoor Activities. Mountain Safety Council
Hyken, S. (2020). The 2020 ACA survey: Achieving customer amazement. https://hyken.com/wp-content/uploads/2020-ACA-Survey-1.pdf
Ibuka, Y., Chapman, G. B., Meyers, L. A., Li, M., & Galvani, A. (2010). The dynamics of risk perceptions and precautionary behavior in response to 2009 (H1N1) pandemic influenza. BioMed Central Infectious Diseases, 10, 296
İbiş, S. (2020). The effect of Covid-19 outbreak on travel agencies. Saffron Journal of Culture and Tourism Researches, 3(1), 85-98
Jiang, Y., & Wen, J. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on hotel marketing and management: a perspective article. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(8), 2563-2573. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-03-2020-0237
Kabadayı, M., & Kardeş, N. (2020). Domestic tourist behavior of Covid-19 (Coronavirus) and effects on travel trends. Journal of Turkish Tourism Research, 4(4), 3703-3719. doi.org/10.26677/TR1010.2020.586
Karl, M., Kock, F., Ritchie, B.W., & Gauss, J. (2021). Affective forecasting and travel decision-making: An investigation in times of a pandemic. Annals of Tourism Research, 87, 103139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2021.103139
Khan, M.J., Chelliah, S., & Ahmed, S. (2019). Intention to visit India among potential travellers: role of travel motivation, perceived travel risks, and travel constraints. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 19(3), 351-367. doi.org/10.1177/1467358417751025
Kozak, M., Crotts, J.C., & Law, R. (2007). The impact of the perception of risk on international travelers. International Journal of Tourism Research, 9(4), 233-242. doi.org/10.1002/jtr.607
KTB (2021). Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı turizm istatistikleri [Tourism statistics of Ministry of Culture and Tourism]. https://yigm.ktb.gov.tr/TR-9851/turizm-istatistikleri.html
Kuo, H.I., Chen, C.C., Tseng, W.C., Ju, L.F., & Huang, B.W. (2008). Assessing impacts of SARS and Avian Flu on international tourism demand to Asia. Tourism Management, 29(5), 917-928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.10.006
Lee, C., Son, H., Bendle, L., Kim, M., & Han, H. (2012). The impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions for 2009 H1N1 influenza on travel intentions: A model of goal-directed behavior. Tourism Management, 33, 89-99. doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.02.006
Liu, Y., Shi, H., Li, Y., & Amin, A. (2021). Factors influencing Chinese residents’ post-pandemic outbound travel intentions: an extended theory of planned behavior model based on the perception of COVID-19. Tourism Review, 76(4), 871-891. doi.org/10.1108/TR-09-2020-0458
MacInnis, D.J., & de Mello, G.E. (2005). The concept of hope and its relevance to product evaluation and choice. Journal of Marketing, 69(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.69.1.1.55513
Matiza, T. (2022). Post-COVID-19 crisis travel behaviour: towards mitigating the effects of perceived risk. Journal of Tourism Futures, 8(1), 99-108. doi.org/10.1108/JTF-04-2020-0063
Mitchell, V.W., Moutinho, L., & Lewis, B.R. (2003). Risk reduction in purchasing organizational professional services. The Service Industries Journal, 23(5), 1-19. doi.org/10.1080/02642060308565621
Mulder, N. (coord.) (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector in Latin America and the Caribbean, and options for a sustainable and resilient recovery. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
Neuburger, L., & Egger, R. (2021). Travel risk perception and travel behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020: a case study of the DACH region. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(7), 1003-1016. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1803807
Perić, G., Dramićanin, S., & Conić, M. (2021). The impact of Serbian tourists’ risk perception on their travel intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic. European Journal of Tourism Research, 27, 2705
Piccoli, L., Dzankic, J., & Ruedin, D. (2021). Citizenship, migration and mobility in a pandemic (CMMP): A global dataset of COVID-19 restrictions on human movement. PLoS ONE, 16(3), e0248066. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248066
Qiao, G., Ruan, W.J. & Pabel, A. (2022). Understanding tourists’ protection motivations when faced with overseas travel after COVID-19: the case of South Koreans travelling to China. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(10), 1588-1606. doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1928011
Rahmafitria, F., Suryadi, K., Oktadiana, H., Putro, H.P.H., & Rosyidie, A. (2021). Applying knowledge, social concern and perceived risk in planned behavior theory for tourism in the Covid-19 pandemic. Tourism Review, 76(4), 809-828. doi.org/10.1108/TR-11-2020-0542
Reisinger, Y., & Crotts, J.C. (2009). The influence of gender on travel risk perceptions, safety, and travel intentions. Tourism Analysis, 14(6), 793-807. doi.org/10.3727/108354210X12645141401269
Reisinger, Y., & Mavondo, F. (2005). Travel anxiety and intentions to travel internationally: Implications of travel risk perception. Journal of Travel Research, 43(3), 212-225. doi.org/10.1177/0047287504272017
Silva, O., Reis, H., & Correia, A. (2010). The moderator effect of risk on travel decision making. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 3(4), 332-347
Slovic, P., & Peters, E. (2006). Risk perception and affect. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15(6), 322-325. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2006.00461.x
Sonmez, S., & Graefe, A. (1998). Influence of terrorism risk on foreign tourism decisions. Annals of Tourism Research, 25(1), 112-144
Teeroovengadum, V., Seetanah, B., Bindah, E., Pooloo, A., & Veerasawmy, I. (2021). Minimising perceived travel risk in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic to boost travel and tourism. Tourism Review, 76(4), 910-928. doi.org/10.1108/TR-05-2020-0195
Tellioglu, S. (2021). The impact of Covid-19 on supply chains of all-inclusive hotels. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 35(2), 464-470. doi.org/10.30892/gtg.35226-673
Tsaur, S-H., Tzeng, G-H., & Wang, K-C. (1997). Evaluating tourist risks from fuzzy perspectives. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(4), 796-812
TÜİK (2020). Adrese dayalı nüfus kayıt sistemi sonuçları, 2019 [Address based population registration system results]. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2019-33705
Uğur, N.G., & Akbıyık, A. (2020). Impacts of COVID-19 on global tourism industry: A cross-regional comparison. Tourism Management Perspectives, 36, 100744. doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100744
UNWTO (2021). UNWTO World Tourism Barometer. https://www.unwto.org/unwto-world-tourism-barometer-data
Wan, L.C., Chan, E.K., & Luo, X. (2021). ROBOTS COME to RESCUE: How to reduce perceived risk of infectious disease in Covid19-stricken consumers? Annals of Tourism Research, 88, 103069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103069
Wen, J., Kozak, M., Yang, S., & Liu, F. (2021). COVID-19: Potential effects on Chinese citizens’ lifestyle and travel. Tourism Review, 76(1), 74-87. doi.org/10.1108/TR-03-2020-0110
WHO (2022). World Health Organization, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/
Yang, K., Kim, J., Min, J., & Hernandez-Calderon, A. (2021). Effects of retailers’ service quality and legitimacy on behavioral intention: the role of emotions during COVID-19. The Service Industries Journal, 41(1-2), 84-106. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2020.1863373
Yavas, U. (1987). Foreign travel behaviour in a growing vacation market: Implications for tourism marketers. European Journal of Marketing, 21(5), 57-69
Zhang, K., Hou, Y., & Li, G. (2020). Threat of infectious disease during an outbreak: Influence on tourists’ emotional responses to disadvantaged price inequality. Annals of Tourism Research, 84, 102993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102993
Zeithaml, V.A., Berry L.L., & Parasuraman A. (1996). The behavioral consequences of service quality. Journal of Marketing, 60, 31-46
Zemke, D.M.V., Neal, J., Shoemaker, S., & Kirsch, K. (2015). Hotel cleanliness: will guests pay for enhanced disinfection? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(4), 690-710. doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-01-2014-0020