Editorial Requirements

I. Size of manuscript – up to 40 000 characters (roughly 22 pages, 1800 characters per page) including tables and figures. The size of one attachment cannot be larger than 20 MB.

II. Required files

1. Files with the main part of the manuscript (without authors’ data, format *.doc):

• title of the article in English and Polish
• concise and factual abstract in English and Polish, from 150 to 300 words, prepared according to structure:
    – purpose,
    – methods,
    – results
    – conclusions
• keywords in English and Polish (up to 8 words)
• JEL codes: code 1; code 2; code 3 (maximal 3 codes, according to the website of American Economic Association: https://www.aeaweb.org/econlit/jelCodes.php)
• introduction
• body text – organized into chapters/sections, each with a unique title
• conclusion (findings, recommendations)
• bibliography – complete list of referenced sources

2. Files with the title page including authors’ data (format *.doc):

• author’s first and last name
• academic degree/title
• organization/institution (if applicable)
• ORCID number
• phone number
• e-mail address
• mailing address

3. Tables

• numbered consecutively and consistently using Arabic numerals
• include a caption and a reference to the data source (e.g. Personal collection)
• tables should be referenced in the text by their number rather than expressions such as “above” or “below” (e.g. cf. Table 1, not: see table above/below)
• do not include blank cells
• any abbreviations used must be expanded below the table

4. Figures, photos and graphics

• editable (formats: *.jpg, *.tif or *.xls)
• photographs – supply source files (preferably *.tif); minimum resolution: 300 dpi
• all figures should be numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals
• for any artwork that has already been published elsewhere, indicate the original source (or otherwise state Source: personal collection)
• apply no lettering in white against black background, whether in bold or italics, and no black fills or excess frames
• if the figure is referenced in the text, use its number rather than expressions such as “above” or “below” (e.g. cf. Fig. 1, not: see figure above/below)
• provide explanations of any abbreviations used

III. Body text

• margins: 2.5 cm each
• continuous throughout the text, using Arabic numerals, placed at the bottom of page (footer)
• typeface: Times New Roman, 12 pts
• line spacing: 1.5 line
• highlights or emphasis: apply bold print
• foreign (non-vernacular) words and expressions: italicized
• people’s names: give full name (including all given names and last name) at first mention; for any further references – quote last name only
• abbreviations and acronyms: when first used, give the complete phrase (name), including its abbreviation in brackets; onwards – use abbreviation only
• numbers consisting of up to 4 digits: use no thousands separator (5000 rather than 5,000 or 5 000); numbers composed of 5 or more digits – insert a space every three digits starting from the right (5000000 rather than 5,000,000)
• decimal fractions should be separated by points (2.25)

IV. In-text citations – APA style (see: APA reference guide, https://www.scribbr.com/apa-style/apa-seventh-edition-changes/)

• are placed within the text and include the author’s surname and year of publication:

Jafari (2003) or: (Jafari, 2010)

• Direct quotes should also contain the page number:

Jafari (2003, p. 24) or: (Jafari, 2003, p. 24)

• In the case of two and three authors, all surnames should be listed with either „and” or „&” placed before the last one:

Smith and White (2018)… or: (Smith & White, 2018)

Beggs, Ross and Goodwin (2008)… or: (Beggs, Ross, & Goodwin, 2008)

• In the case of more than three authors – only the first author’s surname should be given, followed by „et al.”:

Jafari et al. (2018)… or: (Jafari et al., 2018)

• If the author / editor is unknown, the first few words of the reference should be used:

– if this is the title of a book, periodical or report, it should be italicised:

(Guide to citation, 2020)

– if this is the title of an article, chapter or a website, it should be placed in quotation marks:

(”APA Citation”, 2020)

• Citing multiple works:

– by the same author:

Jafari (2015, 2017, 2020) or (Jafari, 2015, 2017, 2020)

– by two or more authors, they should be listed alphabetically by the first author:

(Jafari & Black, 2010; White, Green, & Brown 2020)

– if the author published multiple works in one year, each work should be cited with consecutive letters of the alphabet following the year, e.g.:

(Jafari, 2014a, 2014b)

•  Other references containing any additional comments or explanations, references to legislation, court rulings and decisions, as well as links to websites that are provided outside the main body of the text must be numbered consecutively and placed at the bottom of the page (as footnotes) using 10 pt font with single line spacing
• Citing secondary sources (only in exceptional cases):

Jafari (2010) as cited in Black (2016) or (Jafari, 2010, as cited in Black 2016)

V. Reference list

A reference list should be ordered alphabetically by first author’s / editor’s surname or by title, in the case of works whose author/editor is unknown, and in the case of authors with multiple works, they should be listed chronologically by year of publication.

Referencing a  journal article

The basic format is: Author surname, Initial(s)., (Year), Article title (not italicised), Journal title (italicised), Volume (italicised) (issue or part number), page numbers, DOI:

Oppermann, M. J. (2000). Tourism Destination Loyalty. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F004728750003900110

Referencing a book

The basic format is: Author/Editor surname, Initial(s)., (copyright year), Book title (italicised), edition number (in brackets). Publisher. DOI or URL:

Kotler, P., Bowen, J. T., Makens, J., & Baloglu, S. (2017). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism (7th ed.). Pearson Education. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0047287507303976

Chapter in an edited book

The basic format is: Surname of the chapter’s author, initial(s)., Copyright year, Chapter title  (not italicised), In, Editor initial(s)., Surname + (Ed.) or Editor initial(s)., surnames (separated by “&”) + (Eds.), Edited book title (italicised), edition number and page range (in brackets). Publisher. DOI or URL:

Scott, N. R., & Le, D. A. (2017). Tourism Experience: A Review. In N. R. Scott & J. Gao (Eds.), Visitor Experience Design (2nd ed., pp. 30-52). CABI. https://doi.org/10.1080/10645578.2016.1144023

Referencing an e-book

Mitchell, J.A., Thomson, M., & Coyne, R.P. (2017). A guide to citation. https://www.mendeley.com/reference-management/reference-manager

Referencing a chapter in an e-book

Troy, B.N. (2015). APA citation rules. In S.T, Williams (Ed.). A guide to citation rules (2nd ed., pp. 50-95). https://www.mendeley.com/reference-management/reference-manager

Referencing an entire website created by a corporation, institution or group

Use the following format: Corporation/group/organization name. (year website was last updated/published, month day if given). Title of website. URL:

WHO (2014, November 14). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/

Referencing a single web page

Use the following format: author surname, initial(s). (year, month day). Page title (italicised). Site name. URL:

Mitchell, J.A., Thomson, M., & Coyne, R.P. (2017, January 25). APA citation. How and when to reference. https://www.howandwhentoreference.com/APAcitation

The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.