Abid, N., Ceci, F., & Aftab, J. (2024). Attaining sustainable enterprise performance under resource
constraints: Insights from an emerging economy. Sustainable Development, 32(3), 2031–2048.
https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2763
Aruleba, K., & Jere, N. (2022). Exploring digital transforming challenges in rural areas of South
Africa through a systematic review of empirical studies. Scientific African, 16, e01190. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01190
Baker, H.K., Pandey, N., Kumar, S., & Haldar, A. (2020). A bibliometric analysis of board diversity:
Current status, development, and future research directions. Journal of Business Research, 108,
–246.
BMJ. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Cai, M., Ouyang, B., & Quayson, M. (2024). Navigating the Nexus between Rural Revitalization and
Sustainable Development: A Bibliometric Analyses of Current Status, Progress, and Prospects.
Sustainability, 16(3), 1005. https:// doi.org/10.3390/su16031005
Cecilia, F., & Shaun P. (2022). Determinants of ICT adoption and uptake at a rural public-access ICT
centre: A South African case study. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development,
(6), 1575–1590. https://doi.org/10.1080/20421338.2021.1975354
Dimitri, T., De Coning, T., & Smit, E. (2016). The strategic behaviour of owners-managers in small,
micro and medium tourism enterprises (SMMTEs) in South Africa. African Journal of Hospitality,
Tourism, and Leisure, 5(1).
El Archi, Y., Benbba, B., Kabil, M., & Lóránt, D.D. (2023). Digital Technologies for Sustainable Tourism Destinations: State of the Art and Research Agenda. Administrative Sciences, 13(8), 184. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13080184
Endris, E., & Kassegn, A. (2022). The role of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to the sustainable development of sub‑Saharan Africa and its challenges: a systematic review of evidence from Ethiopia. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 11, 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-022-00221-8
Feng, Y. (2021). Brand Marketing Strategy of Rural Tourism in the Era of Mobile Computer Internet. In V. Sugumaran, Z. Xu, & H. Zhou (Eds.), Application of Intelligent Systems in Multi-modal Information Analytics. MMIA 2021. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74811-1_52
Gan, H. (2022). Construction of Smart Rural Tourism Big Data Platform Based on Kano Model. 2022 International Symposium on Advances in Informatics, Electronics and Education, (ISAIEE). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISAIEE57420.2022.00134
Gan, L.(2024). Rural tourism incorporating artificial intelligence technology to help modernize rural revitalization. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2023.2.01379
Gibson, J.J. (1986). The ecological approach to visual perception. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Hadzic, S. (2024). South Africa’s Digital Transformation: Understanding the Limits of Traditional Policies and the Potential of Alternative Approaches. Computer Law & Security Review, 55, 106011.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2024.106011
Hussain, T., Wang, D., & Li, B. (2024). Exploring the impact of social media on tourist behavior in rural mountain tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of perceived risk and community participation. Acta Psychologica, 242, 104113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104113
Hussain, S., Ahonen, V., Karasu, T., & Leviäkangas, P. (2023). Sustainability of smart rural mobility and tourism: A key performance indicators-based approach. Technology in Society, 74, 102287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102287
Irungu, R.W., Liu, Z., Liu, X., & Wanjiru, A.W. (2023). Role of Networks of Rural Innovation in Advancing the Sustainable Development Goals: A Quadruple Helix Case Study. Sustainability, 15(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151713221
Janjua, Z.U.A., Krishnapillai, G., & Rehman, M. (2023). Importance of the sustainability tourism marketing practices: an insight from rural community-based homestays in Malaysia. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(2), 575–594. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-10-2021-0274
Jian, Z., & Ren, Z. (2024). Data Mining Technology Oriented Integration Strategies for Habitat Improvement and Rural Tourism Development in China’s Agricultural and Rural Villages. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2023.2.01051
Kemp, S. (2023). The state of digital in South Africa. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2023-south-africa
Kindzule-Millere, I., & Zeverte-Rivza, S. (2022). Digital transformation in tourism: opportunities and challenges. In Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference Economic Science for Rural Development No 56 Jelgava, LLU ESAF, 11–13 May 2022 (pp. 476–486). https://doi.org/10.22616/ESRD.2022.56.047
Król, K. (2019). Forgotten agritourism: abandoned websites in the promotion of rural tourism in Poland. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 10(3), 431–442. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-09-2018-0092
Król, K. (2021). Digital cultural heritage of rural tourism facilities in Poland. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 11(4), 488–498. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2019-0130
Król, K. & Zdonek, D. (2024). Digital artefacts of rural tourism: the case study of Poland. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication, 73(3), 258–273. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-03-2022-0052
Kumar, S., & Shekhar. (2020). Technology and innovation: Changing concept of rural tourism – A systematic review. Open Geosciences, 12(1), 737–752. https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0183
Laxmita, N.A., Setyaningsih, W., & Purwani, O. (2021). Sustainable rural tourism development in the era of social media shape identities and discourse digital settings. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/778/1/012010
Li, Z., & Zhang, L. (2024). A study on the sustainable development platform of digital rural tourism management based on ant colony optimisation algorithm. Mechatronic Systems and Control, 52(3). https://doi.org/10.2316/J.2024.201-0411
Linnenluecke, M.K., Marrone, M., & Singh, A.K. (2020). Conducting systematic literature reviews and bibliometric analyses. Australian Journal of Management, 45(2), 175–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/0312896219877678
Liu, J., Wang, C., & Zhang, T.C. (2024). Exploring social media affordances in tourist destination image formation: A study on China‘s rural tourism destination. Tourism Management, 101, 104843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2023.104843
Liu, H., Ruan, W., Huang, T., & Zhang, H. (2024). A Study of the Influence Mechanism of Digital Technology Affordance on the Disruptive Innovation of Enterprises. Sustainability, 16, 8662. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16198662
Lu, J., Mao, Z., Wang, M. & Hu, L. (2015). Goodbye maps, hello apps? Exploring the influential determinants of travel app adoption. Current Issues in Tourism, 18(11), 1059–1079. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2015.1043248
Maquera, G., da Costa, B.B.F., Mendoza, Ó., Salinas, R.A., & Haddad, A.N. (2022). Intelligent Digital Platform for Community-Based Rural Tourism—A Novel Concept Development in Peru. Sustainability, 14(13), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137907
Melović, M., Baynazoğlu, M.E., & Šerić, N. (2023). Family businesses in tourism – the use of digital technologies in times of uncertainty and crisis. Journal of Family Business Management, 13(1), 185–209. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-06-2022-0086
Mwongoso, A.J. (2024). Linking Tourism Development with Residents’ Well-being through Livelihood Capitals in Northern Tanzania. East African Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 5(2), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.46606/eajess2024v05i02.0365
Muwani, T.S., Marime, S., Njodzi, R., & Mutipforo, G. (2024). Digital Technologies for Sustainable Agritourism and Human Development. In B. Nyagadza, F. Chigora, & A. Hassan (Eds.), Agritourism for Sustainable Development: Reflections from Emerging African Economies (pp. 189–206). CABI Books. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781800623705.0014
Mxunyelwa, S., & Lloyd, H. (2019). Management Capacity within Small to Medium Tourism Enterprises (SMTEs) in the Eastern Cape Province. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 8(4).
Ndhlovu, E., Makuyana, T., & Dube, K. (2024). Digitalisation and Technological Integration for Sustainable Tourism in South Africa. In E. Ndhlovu, K. Dube, & C.M. Kifworo (Eds.), Tourism and Hospitality for Sustainable Development (pp. 75–91). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-63073 6_5
Ndlovu, N., Sifolo, P.P.S., & Tshipala, N. (2024). Leveraging Online Digital Technologies for Sustainability in Community-Based Rural Tourism. Studia Periegetica, 46(2), 97–114. https://doi.org/10.58683/sp.2006
Ndlovu, N., & Shambare, R. (2024). The Future of Entrepreneurship in a Post-Covid-19 Era in South Africa. In T. Ndivhuho, N. Fulufhelo, & R. Ravinder (Eds.), Entrepreneurship in the BRICS (1st Edition). Routledge Publishers. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003475606-9
Pesonen, J.A. (2015) Targeting Rural Tourists in the Internet: Comparing Travel Motivation and Activity-Based Segments. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 32(3), 211–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2014.895695
Popp, L., & McCole, D. (2014). Understanding tourists’ itineraries in emerging rural tourism regions: the application of paper-based itinerary mapping methodology to a wine tourism region in Michigan. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(10), 988–1004. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2014.942259
Priatmoko, S., Kabil, M., Akaak, A., Lakner, Z., Gyuricza, C., & Dávid, L.D. (2023). Understanding the Complexity of Rural Tourism Business: Scholarly Perspective. Sustainability, 15(2), 1193. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021193
Qi, J., Lu, Y., Han, F., Ma, X., & Yang, Z. (2022). Spatial Distribution Characteristics of the Rural Tourism Villages in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and Its Influencing Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, 9330. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159330
Ribeiro, M., Esteves, E., & Morais, E.P. (2024). Digital Marketing as a Tool to Promote Rural Tourism Ventures: The Case of Casa da Lagoa. In J.L. Reis, J. Zelený, B. Gavurová, & J.P.M. Santos (Eds.), Marketing and Smart Technologies. ICMarkTech 2023. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1552-7_49
Roman, A., & Rusu, V.D. (2022). Digital Technologies and the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises. Studies in Business and Economics, 17(3), 190–203. https://doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2022-0055
Rungani, E., & Potgieter, M. (2018). The impact of financial support on the success of small, medium and micro enterprises in the Eastern Cape province. Acta Commercii – Independent Research Journal in the Management Sciences, 18(1), a591. https://doi.org/10.4102/ac.v18i1.591
Sabao, C., Chikwape, K.W., & Mugoni, E. (2024). Re-branding the African continent through agritourism. In B. Nyagadza, F. Chigora, & A. Hassan (Eds.), Agritourism for Sustainable Development: Reflections from Emerging African Economies (pp. 29–46). CABI Books. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781800623705.0003
Samsudin, N., Zakaria, T., Osman, J., Ramdan, M.R., Khalid, I.K.M., Mohamad, M., Hanafi, H.F., & Sastraredja, S. (2024). The Digitalisation Technology for Sustainable Rural Entrepreneurship: A Structured Review. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 42(1), 14–30. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.42.1.1430
Saputra, I.G.G., & Sanjiwani, N.M.G. (2024). Digitalization of Rural Tourism Products: Evaluating Stages and Managerial Readiness. International Journal of Human Research and Social Science Studies, 1(6). https://doi.org/10.55677/ijhrsss/01-2024-Vol01I6
SEDA. (2023). SMME Quarterly Update 3rd Quarter 2022. The Small Enterprise Development Agency.
Setokoe, T.J., Ramukumba, T., & Ferreira, I.W. (2019). Community participation in the development of rural areas: A leaders’ perspective of tourism. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 8(1), 1–15.
Shaista, F., Yeo, A.W., & Lo, M. (2016). Sustainable rural tourism: An indigenous community perspective on positioning rural tourism. Tourism: An international Interdisciplinary Journal, 64, 311–327.
Shen, M. (2024). GIS positioning based on optical sensing detection and simulation of tourism route planning in rural tourism scenic areas. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 56(3), 384. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-06049-0
Sibiya, A., Westhuizen, J., & Sibiya, B. (2023). Challenges Experienced by SMMEs and Interventions by the South African National and Provincial Government: A Literature Review. African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies, 5(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.51415/ajims.v5i1.1224
Sifolo, P.P.S., Molefe, P.L., & Mkhize, S. (2024). The role of digitalisation among entrepreneurs operating within the tourism value chain: A case of Annual Tourism Week in Durban, South Africa. In Mbali International Conference 2024 Proceedings (pp. 835–852). Faculty of Commerce, Administration and Law, University of Zululand.
Sifolo, P.P.S. (2023). Digital Technology Adaptability: Insights from Destination Network Practices for Tourism Businesses in South Africa. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 12(4), 1425–1436. https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.440
Skinner, H., Sarpong, D., & Gareth, R.T.W. (2018). Meeting the needs of the Millennials and Generation Z: gamification in tourism through geocaching. Journal of Tourism Futures, 4(1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-12-2017-0060
Suneel, K., & Shekhar. (2020). Technology and innovation: Changing concept of rural tourism – A systematic review. Open Geosciences, 12(1), 737–752. https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0183
Tang, H. Wang, R. Jin, X., & Zhang, Z. (2022). The Effects of Motivation, Destination Image and Satisfaction on Rural Tourism Tourists’ Willingness to Revisit. Sustainability, 14(19), 11938. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141911938
Tshamano, O. (2024). Beyond Crisis: The State of Access to Information and the Internet for Rural Dwellers in South Africa. https://africlaw.com/2024/07/01/beyond-crisis-the-state-of-access-toinformation-and-the-internet-for-rural-dwellers-in-south-africa/
UNWTO. (2011). Tourism Towards 2030/Global Overview. UNWTO. https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284414024
Veleshnja, J. (2024). Ecotourism and Rural Sustainable Development, Albania Case, Blezënckë Village. In J. Chica-Olmo, M. Vujičić, R.A. Castanho, U. Stankov, & E. Martinelli (Eds.), Sustainable Tourism, Culture and Heritage Promotion. CST 2022. Advances in Science, Technology and Innovation. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49536-6_12
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B., & Davis, F.D. (2003). User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425–478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Wan, Y. (2024). Research and Design of Rural Smart Tourism System Based on Cloud Computing. In 2024 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Image Processing and Computer Applications (ICIPCA) (pp. 201–205). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIPCA61593.2024.10709323
Woyo, E., & Musavengane, R. (2023). Has Community-Based Tourism Been a Useful Tool for Poverty Eradication in Southern African Rural Destinations? African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 12(2), 251–534. https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.383
Wookhyun, A., & Alarcón, S. (2020). How Can Rural Tourism Be Sustainable? A Systematic Review. Sustainability, 12(18), 7758. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187758
Xi, J., Wang, X., Kong, Q. et al. (2015). Spatial morphology evolution of rural settlements induced by tourism. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 25, 497–511. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-015-1182-y
Xue, F. (2021). The Development Of Rural Tourism Under Digital Economy. Social Values and Society, 3(2), 51–53. https//dx.doi.org/10.26480/svs.02.2021.51.53
Xu, R., Yu, H., Li, B., & Miao, D. (2024). Research on the Development Path of E-commerce for Rural Tourism in the Context of Information Technology. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2024-1306
Yang, Y. (2024). Research on the Strategy of Sustainable Development of Leisure Sports and Rural Tourism Industry with the Help of Artificial Intelligence. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2024-2753
Zhang, Q., Feng, H., Feng, X., Xu, W., & Wei, L. (2024). Has Digitalization Boosted the Rural Tourism Income? Evidence from Prefecture-Level City Panel Data in China. Land, 14(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14010017
Zhu, W., & Shang, F. (2021). Rural smart tourism under the background of internet plus. Ecological Informatics, 65,101424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101424
Zhu, W. (2024). The promotion path of high-quality development of rural tourism based on intelligent cloud platform system. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2023.2.00131